4,560 research outputs found
Collective excitations of a periodic Bose condensate in the Wannier representation
We study the dispersion relation of the excitations of a dilute Bose-Einstein
condensate confined in a periodic optical potential and its Bloch oscillations
in an accelerated frame. The problem is reduced to one-dimensionality through a
renormalization of the s-wave scattering length and the solution of the
Bogolubov - de Gennes equations is formulated in terms of the appropriate
Wannier functions. Some exact properties of a periodic one-dimensional
condensate are easily demonstrated: (i) the lowest band at positive energy
refers to phase modulations of the condensate and has a linear dispersion
relation near the Brillouin zone centre; (ii) the higher bands arise from the
superposition of localized excitations with definite phase relationships; and
(iii) the wavenumber-dependent current under a constant force in the
semiclassical transport regime vanishes at the zone boundaries. Early results
by J. C. Slater [Phys. Rev. 87, 807 (1952)] on a soluble problem in electron
energy bands are used to specify the conditions under which the Wannier
functions may be approximated by on-site tight-binding orbitals of harmonic-
oscillator form. In this approximation the connections between the low-lying
excitations in a lattice and those in a harmonic well are easily visualized.
Analytic results are obtained in the tight-binding scheme and are illustrated
with simple numerical calculations for the dispersion relation and
semiclassical transport in the lowest energy band, at values of the system
parameters which are relevant to experiment.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, 22 reference
Phase Boundary of the Boson Mott Insulator in a Rotating Optical Lattice
We consider the Bose-Hubbard model in a two dimensional rotating optical
lattice and investigate the consequences of the effective magnetic field
created by rotation. Using a Gutzwiller type variational wavefunction, we find
an analytical expression for the Mott insulator(MI)-Superfluid(SF) transition
boundary in terms of the maximum eigenvalue of the Hofstadter butterfly. The
dependence of phase boundary on the effective magnetic field is complex,
reflecting the self-similar properties of the single particle energy spectrum.
Finally, we argue that fractional quantum Hall phases exist close to the MI-SF
transition boundaries, including MI states with particle densities greater than
one.Comment: 5 pages,3 figures. High resolution figures available upon reques
The LHeC Detector
The Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) is a proposed upgrade to the LHC,
to provide high energy, high luminosity electron-proton collisions to run
concurrently with Phase 2 of the LHC. The baseline design of a detector for the
LHeC is described, driven by the requirements from the projected physics
programme and including some preliminary results from first simulations.Comment: 6 pages, proceedings of parallel talk at Deep Inelastic Scattering
2013, 22-26 April 2013, Marseilles, Franc
A new detector for deep inelastic physics
The Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) is a proposed upgrade to the LHC,
to provide high energy, high luminosity electron-proton and electron-ion
collisions to run concurrently with Phase 2 of the LHC. The key elements of the
LHeC detector and the requirements from the physics programme are outlined,
followed by a brief description of the baseline LHeC detector design.Comment: 3 pages, proceedings of poster at HEP-EPS 2013, July 18 - 24 2013,
Stockholm, Swede
Non-local transport and the Hall viscosity of 2D hydrodynamic electron liquids
In a fluid subject to a magnetic field the viscous stress tensor has a
dissipationless antisymmetric component controlled by the so-called Hall
viscosity. We here propose an all-electrical scheme that allows a determination
of the Hall viscosity of a two-dimensional electron liquid in a solid-state
device.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Many-body orbital paramagnetism in doped graphene sheets
The orbital magnetic susceptibility (OMS) of a gas of noninteracting massless
Dirac fermions is zero when the Fermi energy is away from the Dirac point.
Making use of diagrammatic perturbation theory, we calculate exactly the OMS of
massless Dirac fermions to first order in the Coulomb interaction demonstrating
that it is finite and positive. Doped graphene sheets are thus unique systems
in which the OMS is completely controlled by many-body effects.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitte
Helicons in Weyl semimetals
Helicons are transverse electromagnetic waves propagating in
three-dimensional (3D) electron systems subject to a static magnetic field. We
present a theory of helicons propagating through a 3D Weyl semimetal. Our
approach relies on the evaluation of the optical conductivity tensor from
semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory, with the inclusion of certain Berry
curvature corrections that have been neglected in the earlier literature (such
as the one due to the orbital magnetic moment). We demonstrate that the axion
term characterizing the electromagnetic response of Weyl semimetals
dramatically alters the helicon dispersion with respect to that in
nontopological metals. We also discuss axion-related anomalies that appear in
the plasmon dispersion relation.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur
Theory of Coulomb drag for massless Dirac fermions
Coulomb drag between two unhybridized graphene sheets separated by a
dielectric spacer has recently attracted considerable theoretical interest. We
first review, for the sake of completeness, the main analytical results which
have been obtained by other authors. We then illustrate pedagogically the
minimal theory of Coulomb drag between two spatially-separated two-dimensional
systems of massless Dirac fermions which are both away from the
charge-neutrality point. This relies on second-order perturbation theory in the
screened interlayer interaction and on Boltzmann transport theory. In this
theoretical framework and in the low-temperature limit, we demonstrate that, to
leading (i.e. quadratic) order in temperature, the drag transresistivity is
completely insensitive to the precise intralayer momentum-relaxation mechanism
(i.e. to the functional dependence of the scattering time on energy). We also
provide analytical results for the low-temperature drag transresistivity for
both cases of "thick" and "thin" spacers and for arbitrary values of the
dielectric constants of the media surrounding the two Dirac-fermion layers.
Finally, we present numerical results for the low-temperature drag
transresistivity in the case in which one of the media surrounding the
Dirac-fermion layers has a frequency-dependent dielectric constant. We conclude
by suggesting an experiment that can potentially allow for the observation of
departures from the canonical Fermi-liquid quadratic-in-temperature behavior of
the transresistivity.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure
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